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The International Space Station (ISS) generates oxygen through a couple of key processes, primarily using a method called electrolysis. Here’s how it works:
1. Electrolysis of Water
- Water Supply: The ISS has a supply of water (H₂O), which can be delivered by resupply missions or produced on board through various processes.
- Electrolysis Process: Electrolysis involves passing an electric current through water, which splits the water molecules into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) gases: 2H2O→2H2+O22H₂O \rightarrow 2H₂ + O₂2H2O→2H2+O2
- Oxygen Collection: The oxygen gas produced during electrolysis is collected and stored in tanks for use by the crew.
2. Oxygen Tanks
- In addition to producing oxygen through electrolysis, the ISS also carries oxygen tanks filled with compressed oxygen. These tanks can be used as a backup or supplement to the electrolysis system.
3. Carbon Dioxide Removal
- The ISS is equipped with systems to remove carbon dioxide (CO₂) exhaled by the crew. This is typically achieved using chemical scrubbers that absorb CO₂ from the cabin air, ensuring a safe and breathable environment.
4. Regeneration of Air
- The combination of generating oxygen and removing carbon dioxide helps maintain a stable atmosphere for the astronauts aboard the ISS.
These systems are crucial for the long-term sustainability of human life in space, particularly for extended missions.